Impact and Vulnerability Analysis of IEC61850 in Smartgrids Using Multiple HIL Real-Time Testbeds

Due to the increasing use of smart components in grids, interoperability among them is a crucial aspect address. IEC61850 communication standard that has been already used substations because its instant data transfer and ability enable exchange between variety energy-related digital technologies. This article studies application protocols defined by Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) using prototype testbed architecture running on real-time device. The goal this activity study impact simulations vulnerability terms cyber-security. includes supervisor, substation bus, process bus layer creating local network exchanging at distinct levels. Different fault protection scenarios are discussed both physical emulated IEDs, implemented each scenario explained showing additional delays introduced. In first two scenarios, operation versus IEDs analyzed compared, ensuring robustness methodology situations where IED would be unfeasible. these functionality mechanisms confirmed. third grids as their primary protocol injection attacks studied. Sniffing network, packets captured monitored. Spoofed with same structure injected into conduct false supervisory unit. Vulnerability cyber specific shown.